Barrett’s esophagus

Barrett’s esophagus is when the cells lining the esophagus — the tube connecting the mouth to the stomach — change into the cells lining the intestine. The test for Barrett’s is an endoscopy.

Lactose intolerance

Lactose intolerance is condition in which a person is unable to digest a lot of lactose due to a lack of the enzyme lactase. Lactose intolerance symptoms can be cramps, bloating and diarrhea.

Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT)

A fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is when stool is taken from a healthy donor, made into a liquid mixture and transferred into the colon of a sick patient, to introduce helpful bacteria.

Ulcerative colitis

Ulcerative colitis is a type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that affects the colon and rectum, and can cause severe belly pain, cramps, diarrhea and bleeding.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)

Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, is characterized by chronic inflammation in the digestive tract. The two main types are ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease.